BCG-unresponsive NMIBC is defined by persistent or recurrent high-grade tumors or carcinoma in situ after adequate BCG therapy.
This condition requires alternative therapeutic strategies or radical cystectomy due to the failure of BCG treatment.
BCG-responsive NMIBC achieves and maintains a complete response following BCG therapy, contrasting with the unresponsive form.
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Katie S. Murray, DO, discusses why some patients do not respond to BCG therapy, exploring factors such as tumor biology and immune system dysfunction, and how this impacts their prognosis, while also addressing the challenges and unmet needs in treating these patients, including the current BCG shortages and how it is reshaping treatment approaches.